Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | organic chemistry | d. | analytical chemistry | b. | inorganic chemistry | e. | physical chemistry | c. | biochemistry |
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1.
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the study of the processes that take place in organisms
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2.
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concerned with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter
undergoes a change
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3.
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the study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon
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4.
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the study of the composition of matter
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | proton | d. | electron | b. | nucleus | e. | neutron | c. | atom |
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5.
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the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that
element
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6.
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a positively charged subatomic particle
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7.
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a negatively charged subatomic particle
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8.
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a subatomic particle with no charge
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9.
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the central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | mass number | d. | atomic mass | b. | atomic mass unit | e. | isotope | c. | atomic
number |
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10.
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atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons in the
nucleus of an atom
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11.
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the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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12.
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an element
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13.
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one-twelfth the mass of a carbon atom having six protons and six
neutrons
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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14.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of matter?
a. | air | c. | smoke | b. | heat | d. | water vapor |
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15.
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Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?
a. | It has a boiling point of 100 C. | b. | It is a colorless
liquid. | c. | It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. | d. | Sugar dissolves in
it. |
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16.
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A vapor is which state of matter?
a. | solid | c. | gas | b. | liquid | d. | all of the
above |
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17.
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Which state of matter is characterized by having a definite shape and a definite
volume?
a. | gas | c. | solid | b. | liquid | d. | all of the
above |
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18.
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Which state of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress?
a. | gas | c. | solid | b. | liquid | d. | all of the
above |
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19.
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All of the following are physical properties of a substance in the liquid state
EXCEPT ____.
a. | indefinite volume | c. | not easily compressed | b. | definite
mass | d. | indefinite
shape |
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20.
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An example of a homogeneous mixture is ____.
a. | water | c. | noodle soup | b. | stainless steel | d. | oxygen |
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21.
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Which of the following materials is a substance?
a. | air | c. | stainless steel | b. | gasoline | d. | silver |
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22.
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What distinguishes a substance from a mixture?
a. | Substances are compounds, and mixtures are not. | b. | Mixtures are
groupings of elements, and compounds are not. | c. | Samples of the same substance can have
different intensive properties. | d. | Mixtures can be separated physically, while
compounds cannot. |
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23.
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The first figure in a properly written chemical symbol always is ____.
a. | boldfaced | c. | italicized | b. | capitalized | d. | underlined |
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24.
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The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the ____.
a. | identity of the elements in the compound | b. | how elements are
joined in the compound | c. | the composition of the
compound | d. | relative proportions of the elements in the compound |
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25.
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Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name?
a. | calcium | c. | oxygen | b. | hydrogen | d. | potassium |
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26.
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Which of the following is NOT a physical change?
a. | grating cheese | c. | fermenting of cheese | b. | melting cheese | d. | mixing two cheeses in a
bowl |
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27.
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Which of the following does NOT involve a physical change?
a. | mixing | c. | grinding | b. | melting | d. | decomposing |
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28.
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A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood ____.
a. | is split | c. | decays | b. | is painted | d. | is cut |
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29.
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Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4  C? a. | its color | b. | its state | c. | its
temperature | d. | its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen |
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30.
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Which of the following indicates that a chemical change has happened during
cooking?
a. | The food darkens. | b. | Bubbles form in boiling
water. | c. | Butter melts. | d. | Energy is transferred from the stove to a
pan. |
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31.
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Which of the following was originally a tenet of Dalton's atomic theory,
but had to be revised about a century ago?
a. | Atoms are tiny indivisible particles. | b. | Atoms of the same element are
identical. | c. | Compounds are made by combining atoms. | d. | Atoms of different elements can combine with
one another in simple whole number ratios. |
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32.
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The comparison of the number of atoms in a copper coin the size of a penny with
the number of people on Earth is made to illustrate which of the following?
a. | that atoms are indivisible | b. | that atoms are very small | c. | that atoms are very
large | d. | that in a copper penny, there is one atom for every person on
Earth |
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33.
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The range in size of most atomic radii is approximately ____.
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34.
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Why did J. J. Thomson reason that electrons must be a part of the atoms of all
elements?
a. | Cathode rays are negatively-charged particles. | b. | Cathode rays can be
deflected by magnets. | c. | An electron is 2000 times lighter than a
hydrogen atom. | d. | Charge-to-mass ratio of electrons was the same, regardless of the gas
used. |
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35.
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Which hypothesis led to the discovery of the proton?
a. | When a neutral hydrogen atom loses an electron, a positively-charged particle should
remain. | b. | A proton should be 1840 times heavier than an electron. | c. | Cathode rays should
be attracted to a positively-charged plate. | d. | The nucleus of an atom should contain
neutrons. |
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36.
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The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the
nucleus?
a. | neutrons | c. | electrons | b. | protons | d. | protons and
electrons |
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37.
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What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent?
a. | the atomic number | c. | the sum of the protons and electrons | b. | the mass
number | d. | twice the number of
protons |
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38.
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Isotopes of the same element have different ____.
a. | numbers of neutrons | c. | numbers of electrons | b. | numbers of protons | d. | atomic numbers |
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39.
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Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. | Atoms of the same element can have different masses. | b. | Atoms of isotopes of
an element have different numbers of protons. | c. | The nucleus of an atom has a positive
charge. | d. | Atoms are mostly empty space. |
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40.
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Select the correct symbol for an atom of tritium.
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41.
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How is the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom calculated?
a. | Add the number of electrons and protons together. | b. | Subtract the number
of electrons from the number of protons. | c. | Subtract the number of protons from the mass
number. | d. | Add the mass number to the number of electrons. |
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42.
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Which of the following equals one atomic mass unit?
a. | the mass of one electron | b. | the mass of one helium-4
atom | c. | the mass of one carbon-12 atom | d. | one-twelfth the mass of one carbon-12
atom |
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43.
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Which of the following is necessary to calculate the atomic mass of an
element?
a. | the atomic mass of carbon-12 | b. | the atomic number of the
element | c. | the relative masses of the element’s protons and neutrons | d. | the masses of each
isotope of the element |
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